Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	25
Number of observations	665249
Missing cells	279371
Missing cells (%)	1.7%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	126.9 MiB
Average record size in memory	200.0 B

Variable types

CAT	11
NUM	9
BOOL	5

Warnings

`time` has a high cardinality: 1204 distinct values	High cardinality
`age_youngest` is highly correlated with `age_oldest`	High correlation
`age_oldest` is highly correlated with `age_youngest`	High correlation
`risk_factor` has 240418 (36.1%) missing values	Missing
`C_previous` has 18711 (2.8%) missing values	Missing
`duration_previous` has 18711 (2.8%) missing values	Missing
`day` has 140539 (21.1%) zeros	Zeros
`duration_previous` has 24926 (3.7%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2022-03-22 17:04:46.899273
Analysis finished	2022-03-22 17:07:21.102110
Duration	2 minutes and 34.2 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.9.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

customer_ID
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	97009
Distinct (%)	14.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	10076553.44
Minimum	10000000
Maximum	10152724
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	10000000
5-th percentile	10007770
Q1	10038523
median	10076403
Q3	10114696
95-th percentile	10145255.6
Maximum	10152724
Range	152724
Interquartile range (IQR)	76173

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	44049.77859
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.004371512428
Kurtosis	-1.195788963
Mean	10076553.44
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	38079
Skewness	-0.002009957296
Sum	6.7034171e+12
Variance	1940382994
Monotocity	Increasing

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10129147	13	< 0.1%
10028761	13	< 0.1%
10007398	13	< 0.1%
10107396	13	< 0.1%
10103851	13	< 0.1%
10110688	13	< 0.1%
10089345	13	< 0.1%
10150752	13	< 0.1%
10063394	13	< 0.1%
10075547	13	< 0.1%
Other values (96999)	665119	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10000000	9	< 0.1%
10000005	6	< 0.1%
10000007	8	< 0.1%
10000013	4	< 0.1%
10000014	6	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10152724	6	< 0.1%
10152723	3	< 0.1%
10152721	6	< 0.1%
10152720	8	< 0.1%
10152718	9	< 0.1%

shopping_pt
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	13
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	4.219965757
Minimum	1
Maximum	13
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	2
median	4
Q3	6
95-th percentile	8
Maximum	13
Range	12
Interquartile range (IQR)	4

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.394368765
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5673905674
Kurtosis	-0.5640492606
Mean	4.219965757
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2
Skewness	0.4697521391
Sum	2807328
Variance	5.733001784
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=13)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	97009	14.6%
2	97009	14.6%
3	97009	14.6%
4	91441	13.7%
5	83440	12.5%
6	72171	10.8%
7	56548	8.5%
8	37958	5.7%
9	20710	3.1%
10	8725	1.3%
Other values (3)	3229	0.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	97009	14.6%
2	97009	14.6%
3	97009	14.6%
4	91441	13.7%
5	83440	12.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
13	50	< 0.1%
12	525	0.1%
11	2654	0.4%
10	8725	1.3%
9	20710	3.1%

record_type
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

0	568240
1	97009

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	568240	85.4%
1	97009	14.6%

day
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	7
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1.969429492
Minimum	0
Maximum	6
Zeros	140539
Zeros (%)	21.1%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	2
Q3	3
95-th percentile	4
Maximum	6
Range	6
Interquartile range (IQR)	2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.4534705
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7380160122
Kurtosis	-1.168196957
Mean	1.969429492
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	0.1306439815
Sum	1310161
Variance	2.112576494
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=7)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	140539	21.1%
1	136921	20.6%
2	133453	20.1%
4	123639	18.6%
3	121342	18.2%
5	8378	1.3%
6	977	0.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	140539	21.1%
1	136921	20.6%
2	133453	20.1%
3	121342	18.2%
4	123639	18.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	977	0.1%
5	8378	1.3%
4	123639	18.6%
3	121342	18.2%
2	133453	20.1%

time
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY

Distinct	1204
Distinct (%)	0.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

14:35	1553
14:59	1489
14:57	1471
15:22	1454
15:20	1453
Other values (1199)	657829

Frequencies
Length

Common Values
Overview

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14:35	1553	0.2%
14:59	1489	0.2%
14:57	1471	0.2%
15:22	1454	0.2%
15:20	1453	0.2%
15:09	1452	0.2%
14:40	1441	0.2%
14:16	1440	0.2%
14:39	1435	0.2%
15:13	1432	0.2%
Other values (1194)	650629	97.8%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	99 ?
Unique (%)	< 0.1%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	5
Median length	5
Mean length	5
Min length	5

state
Categorical

Distinct	36
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

FL	106287
NY	91627
PA	60677
OH	44537
MD	28443
Other values (31)	333678

Frequencies
Length

Common Values
Overview

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
FL	106287	16.0%
NY	91627	13.8%
PA	60677	9.1%
OH	44537	6.7%
MD	28443	4.3%
IN	25295	3.8%
WA	25188	3.8%
CO	24409	3.7%
AL	23560	3.5%
CT	19353	2.9%
Other values (26)	215873	32.4%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	2
Median length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

location
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	6248
Distinct (%)	0.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	12271.54302
Minimum	10001
Maximum	16580
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	10001
5-th percentile	10174
Q1	10936
median	12027
Q3	13426
95-th percentile	15119
Maximum	16580
Range	6579
Interquartile range (IQR)	2490

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1564.789415
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1275136641
Kurtosis	-0.7368574075
Mean	12271.54302
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1215
Skewness	0.4780995787
Sum	8163631724
Variance	2448565.912
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10083	1094	0.2%
10213	977	0.1%
10348	974	0.1%
11196	869	0.1%
11517	864	0.1%
10030	798	0.1%
12091	731	0.1%
10723	703	0.1%
10793	701	0.1%
10245	682	0.1%
Other values (6238)	656856	98.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10001	238	< 0.1%
10002	92	< 0.1%
10003	277	< 0.1%
10004	255	< 0.1%
10005	296	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
16580	8	< 0.1%
16579	10	< 0.1%
16578	8	< 0.1%
16577	5	< 0.1%
16576	8	< 0.1%

group_size
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

1	519305
2	136393
3	8856
4	695

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	519305	78.1%
2	136393	20.5%
3	8856	1.3%
4	695	0.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

homeowner
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

1	356726
0	308523

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	356726	53.6%
0	308523	46.4%

car_age
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	67
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	8.139436512
Minimum	0
Maximum	85
Zeros	5805
Zeros (%)	0.9%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1
Q1	3
median	7
Q3	12
95-th percentile	18
Maximum	85
Range	85
Interquartile range (IQR)	9

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	5.764598035
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7082306037
Kurtosis	4.106639801
Mean	8.139436512
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	4
Skewness	1.223618387
Sum	5414752
Variance	33.2305905
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	71650	10.8%
2	50389	7.6%
7	46752	7.0%
8	44453	6.7%
6	44363	6.7%
9	44218	6.6%
4	40991	6.2%
3	40391	6.1%
10	39301	5.9%
11	36173	5.4%
Other values (57)	206568	31.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5805	0.9%
1	71650	10.8%
2	50389	7.6%
3	40391	6.1%
4	40991	6.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
85	4	< 0.1%
75	6	< 0.1%
74	18	< 0.1%
65	5	< 0.1%
64	6	< 0.1%

car_value
Categorical

Distinct	9
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	1531
Missing (%)	0.2%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

e	219251
f	177204
d	113174
g	98152
h	28976
Other values (4)	26961

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	219251	33.0%
f	177204	26.6%
d	113174	17.0%
g	98152	14.8%
h	28976	4.4%
c	20820	3.1%
i	3603	0.5%
b	1402	0.2%
a	1136	0.2%
(Missing)	1531	0.2%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	3
Median length	1
Mean length	1.004602788
Min length	1

risk_factor
Categorical

MISSING

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	240418
Missing (%)	36.1%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

3	117571
4	110754
1	99476
2	97030

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	117571	17.7%
4	110754	16.6%
1	99476	15.0%
2	97030	14.6%
(Missing)	240418	36.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	3
Median length	3
Mean length	3
Min length	3

age_oldest
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	58
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	44.99240284
Minimum	18
Maximum	75
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	18
5-th percentile	22
Q1	28
median	44
Q3	60
95-th percentile	75
Maximum	75
Range	57
Interquartile range (IQR)	32

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	17.40343996
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3868084134
Kurtosis	-1.228547547
Mean	44.99240284
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	16
Skewness	0.2257477638
Sum	29931151
Variance	302.8797225
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
75	45211	6.8%
24	21627	3.3%
23	21489	3.2%
25	21278	3.2%
22	19692	3.0%
26	18679	2.8%
27	16046	2.4%
28	15180	2.3%
21	14255	2.1%
29	13179	2.0%
Other values (48)	458613	68.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
18	1666	0.3%
19	6592	1.0%
20	10180	1.5%
21	14255	2.1%
22	19692	3.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
75	45211	6.8%
74	5646	0.8%
73	5861	0.9%
72	6194	0.9%
71	6825	1.0%

age_youngest
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	60
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	42.57758824
Minimum	16
Maximum	75
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	16
5-th percentile	20
Q1	26
median	40
Q3	57
95-th percentile	75
Maximum	75
Range	59
Interquartile range (IQR)	31

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	17.46043237
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4100850492
Kurtosis	-1.146121776
Mean	42.57758824
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	15
Skewness	0.3624556029
Sum	28324698
Variance	304.8666986
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
75	34262	5.2%
23	24208	3.6%
24	23635	3.6%
25	23509	3.5%
22	22290	3.4%
26	20510	3.1%
27	17718	2.7%
21	17311	2.6%
28	16832	2.5%
29	14437	2.2%
Other values (50)	450537	67.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
16	4478	0.7%
17	2967	0.4%
18	5093	0.8%
19	10182	1.5%
20	13480	2.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
75	34262	5.2%
74	5048	0.8%
73	5152	0.8%
72	5234	0.8%
71	6102	0.9%

married_couple
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

0	525692
1	139557

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	525692	79.0%
1	139557	21.0%

C_previous
Categorical

MISSING

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	18711
Missing (%)	2.8%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

3	271160
1	172007
2	109184
4	94187

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	271160	40.8%
1	172007	25.9%
2	109184	16.4%
4	94187	14.2%
(Missing)	18711	2.8%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	3
Median length	3
Mean length	3
Min length	3

duration_previous
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

MISSING
ZEROS

Distinct	16
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	18711
Missing (%)	2.8%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	6.003773947
Minimum	0
Maximum	15
Zeros	24926
Zeros (%)	3.7%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1
Q1	2
median	5
Q3	9
95-th percentile	15
Maximum	15
Range	15
Interquartile range (IQR)	7

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	4.680792915
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7796417648
Kurtosis	-0.6492855709
Mean	6.003773947
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3
Skewness	0.7522515321
Sum	3881668
Variance	21.90982232
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=16)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	81570	12.3%
15	79849	12.0%
2	79595	12.0%
3	70800	10.6%
4	57485	8.6%
5	49372	7.4%
6	45379	6.8%
7	37768	5.7%
8	30752	4.6%
9	26244	3.9%
Other values (6)	87724	13.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	24926	3.7%
1	81570	12.3%
2	79595	12.0%
3	70800	10.6%
4	57485	8.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
15	79849	12.0%
14	9739	1.5%
13	10963	1.6%
12	11284	1.7%
11	12718	1.9%

A
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

1	426067
0	143691
2	95491

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	426067	64.0%
0	143691	21.6%
2	95491	14.4%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

B
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

0	363069
1	302180

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	363069	54.6%
1	302180	45.4%

C
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

3	271607
1	202945
2	133468
4	57229

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	271607	40.8%
1	202945	30.5%
2	133468	20.1%
4	57229	8.6%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

D
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

3	408839
2	149793
1	106617

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	408839	61.5%
2	149793	22.5%
1	106617	16.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

E
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

0	369085
1	296164

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	369085	55.5%
1	296164	44.5%

F
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

2	255806
0	216395
1	158613
3	34435

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	255806	38.5%
0	216395	32.5%
1	158613	23.8%
3	34435	5.2%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

G
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

2	265237
3	191163
1	141946
4	66903

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	265237	39.9%
3	191163	28.7%
1	141946	21.3%
4	66903	10.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

cost
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	531
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	635.7850083
Minimum	260
Maximum	922
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	5.1 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	260
5-th percentile	564
Q1	605
median	635
Q3	665
95-th percentile	712
Maximum	922
Range	662
Interquartile range (IQR)	60

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	45.99375791
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.0723416836
Kurtosis	0.9558013252
Mean	635.7850083
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	30
Skewness	0.09154557472
Sum	422955341
Variance	2115.425766
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
633	6024	0.9%
637	5985	0.9%
640	5935	0.9%
626	5934	0.9%
638	5916	0.9%
639	5912	0.9%
629	5896	0.9%
642	5894	0.9%
635	5875	0.9%
623	5854	0.9%
Other values (521)	606024	91.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
260	1	< 0.1%
263	4	< 0.1%
264	1	< 0.1%
272	2	< 0.1%
274	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
922	1	< 0.1%
917	1	< 0.1%
912	3	< 0.1%
911	1	< 0.1%
900	4	< 0.1%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

First rows

	customer_ID	shopping_pt	record_type	day	time	state	location	group_size	car_age	car_value	risk_factor	age_oldest	age_youngest	married_couple	C_previous	duration_previous	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	cost
0	10000000	1	0	0	08:35	IN	10001	2	2	g	3.0	46	42	1	1.0	2.0	1	0	2	2	1	2	2	633
1	10000000	2	0	0	08:38	IN	10001	2	2	g	3.0	46	42	1	1.0	2.0	1	0	2	2	1	2	1	630
2	10000000	3	0	0	08:38	IN	10001	2	2	g	3.0	46	42	1	1.0	2.0	1	0	2	2	1	2	1	630
3	10000000	4	0	0	08:39	IN	10001	2	2	g	3.0	46	42	1	1.0	2.0	1	0	2	2	1	2	1	630
4	10000000	5	0	0	11:55	IN	10001	2	2	g	3.0	46	42	1	1.0	2.0	1	0	2	2	1	2	1	630
5	10000000	6	0	0	11:57	IN	10001	2	2	g	3.0	46	42	1	1.0	2.0	1	0	2	2	1	2	1	638
6	10000000	7	0	0	11:58	IN	10001	2	2	g	3.0	46	42	1	1.0	2.0	1	0	2	2	1	2	1	638
7	10000000	8	0	0	12:03	IN	10001	2	2	g	3.0	46	42	1	1.0	2.0	1	0	2	2	1	2	1	638
8	10000000	9	1	0	12:07	IN	10001	2	2	g	3.0	46	42	1	1.0	2.0	1	0	2	2	1	2	1	634
9	10000005	1	0	3	08:56	NY	10006	1	10	e	4.0	28	28	0	3.0	13.0	1	1	3	3	1	0	2	755

Last rows

	customer_ID	shopping_pt	record_type	day	time	state	location	group_size	homeowner	car_age	car_value	risk_factor	age_oldest	age_youngest	C_previous	duration_previous	A	C	D	E	F	G	cost
665239	10152721	6	1	4	10:14	CT	11888	1	0	8	e	NaN	23	23	4.0	5.0	1	3	3	1	0	2	716
665240	10152723	1	0	2	15:13	FL	10711	1	1	0	f	2.0	39	39	3.0	2.0	0	2	1	0	0	4	656
665241	10152723	2	0	2	15:14	FL	10711	1	1	0	f	2.0	39	39	3.0	2.0	1	3	3	0	2	3	687
665242	10152723	3	1	1	10:30	FL	10711	1	1	0	g	2.0	39	39	3.0	7.0	1	3	3	1	2	3	651
665243	10152724	1	0	3	13:42	KY	10204	1	1	1	e	NaN	20	20	1.0	4.0	0	3	3	0	0	2	642
665244	10152724	2	0	3	13:43	KY	10204	1	1	1	e	NaN	20	20	1.0	4.0	1	2	3	0	2	2	677
665245	10152724	3	0	3	13:43	KY	10204	1	1	1	e	NaN	20	20	1.0	4.0	1	2	3	0	2	2	677
665246	10152724	4	0	3	13:44	KY	10204	1	1	1	e	NaN	20	20	1.0	4.0	1	2	3	0	2	2	677
665247	10152724	5	0	3	13:46	KY	10204	1	1	1	e	NaN	20	20	1.0	4.0	1	2	3	0	2	2	685
665248	10152724	6	1	1	15:14	KY	10204	1	1	1	d	NaN	20	20	4.0	4.0	1	3	3	0	2	2	681

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Cramér's V (φc)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows